Changes in Kidney Function (GFR), Albuminuria, Electrolytes, and Heart Affection in Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Abstract Background: Albuminuria is a prognostic marker for cardiovascular or renal risk. Cardiovascular risk as coronary artery disease, heart failure and even cardiac death was elevated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). With progres-sive loss of kidney function, albuminuria and derangements in electrolytes contribute to poor patient outcomes. Adequate assessment of kidney function in different stages of renal failure and treatment will minimize complications and can be lifesaving. Although electrolyte derangements and albuminuria are significant causes of morbidity and mortality in CKD and end-stage renal disease patients, they can be effectivelyman-aged when diagnosed early with a preventive measures and pharmacological therapy. Aim of Study: To detect what are the most common changes related to heart affection in diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. In this study we will assess Kidney function (GFR), serum electrolytes, lipid profile and albuminuria and to detect which of these changesis more related to heart affection in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Material and Methods: This a cross-sectional study was conducted for 10 months from November 2020 to August 2021 in Nephrology and Cardiology Departments in Italian hospital. Patients were divided into in three groups each group contains 20 patients, normal control group, macroalbuminuric and normoalbuminuric groups, last two groups are diabetic and have CKD, The level of serum creatinine and electrolytes were measured using COBAS 6000 analyzer. Then, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated using MDRD equation. Also we detect fasting blood glucose, HA1C, sodium, potas-sium, phosphorus (ph), calcium (ca), lipid profile, albuminand Albumin/creatinine in urine (ACR) and ECG and Echocardi-ography. Results: In this study there were significance difference in albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) (p 0.000) and S albumin in both groups (p 0.001) and heart affection strongly correlated with ACR and more in macroalbuminuric group (r=–0.67). Also other factors significant parameters in heart affection, like duration of the CKD (p 0.004), ca (p 0.003) ph (p 0.007). Data analysis were done using SPSS version 20. Conclusion: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) more signif-icant in macroalbuminuric group so albuminuria is a potent risk factor than other risk factors in occurrence of cardiovas-cular complications. Thera are many risk factors in diabetic, CKD patients which lead to CVD and complcationsIn this study we found the duration of the disease, reduced GFR, Ca and Ph changes lead to CVD and complications.